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Weight Management and Wellness · Made Simple

Weight Management and Wellness · Made Simple

2011年4月20日星期三

肥人易腎結石較難治

肥人易腎結石較難治

(星島)2011年4月15日 星期五 06:30

(綜合報道)

(星島日報 報道)腎結石在本港並不罕見,不過,醫生特別強調,肥胖者較普通人更易有腎石,且治療難度亦相對較高。此外,中年男性更為患腎石的高危族,建議有關人士及早定期驗身,防患未然。

  文:Kaman

  部分圖片:星島圖片庫

  成因與尿酸有關

  尿液本身除了水分以外,還有其他成分,例如鈣質、草酸和尿酸,而這些成分正是腎結石的主要元素。據泌尿科醫生郭天福(上圖)表示,肥胖人士較易有腎結石問題,原因多與其身體狀況有關,肥人普遍尿液中所含的尿酸成分較重,故易出現尿酸結石,而身軀體積大,再加上體溫一般較高,故更易出汗及汗量較多,間接令尿液中的水分不足,當尿液濃度過高時,便很容易會有腎結石。此外,已有確實研究發現,當BMI(身體質量指數)提高時,有腎結石的機會亦較大。

  除此,肥胖人士的日常飲食習慣亦有機會令其患有腎結石,他們進食量大,其中又傾向多以蛋白質 、肉類等食物為主,而常吃這些食品會較易生腎石。

  治療難度較高

  如果腎石體積較細小,一般多喝水已可將其自然排出體外,若以其他方式治療,較常採用為體外沖擊波碎石(ESWL),或微創腎臟內窺鏡手術。體外沖擊波碎石的基本原理,是將沖擊波通過機器聚焦在患者體內的結石位置上,產生震盪將結石震碎成碎片,使其易於經由尿液排出。不過,由於聚焦鏡有焦距限制,只能聚焦在不太深的位置,如果腎石藏於儀器難以聚焦的遠距離深處,沖擊波的震盪力便不能完全傳送至結石上,因此肥人的治療難度會增加,很明顯的原因為他們的身體多脂肪,令沖擊波所經過的組織亦較多,直令震盪力減弱,使治療效果大減。

  另外,肥胖者如使用微創腎臟內窺鏡手術,亦會增加手術風險和難度,尤其採用全身麻醉,對身體健康較差的肥人會構成更大風險,因可能會對其心臟、肺部有較大影響。以上的治療技術,基本上仍可治療到並非太肥的人士,但體重逾二百磅的結石患者,難度則相應提高。至於選擇哪種方式,則視乎腎石的體積和位置而定。

  男性乃高危一族

  除了肥胖人士,男性亦為患腎結石的高危族,根據數據顯示,男性腎結石個案較女性多,但成因暫時未明。至於某類辦公室工作人員和貨櫃車司機亦為高危一族,成因或與他們的工作性質,傾向少喝水有關,使其有更大機會形成結石,以及難以把結石的成分隨尿液排走。經常攝取大量鹽分的人亦會影響尿液中的鈣排量,增患結石風險。由於腎結石初期症狀不明顯,郭醫生建議踏入三十歲的男性,以及有關高危族,應定期檢查腎臟。

  ■定期檢查腎臟,確保腎功能正常,有助防患未然。

  ■貨櫃車司機常因工作關係較少機會如廁,增患腎結石風險。

  ■肥人通常較大汗,容易令尿液濃度偏高。

2011年4月5日星期二

英女性想瘦 願折壽十年換苗條

英女性想瘦 願折壽十年換苗條

(法新社)2011年4月5日 星期二 13:50

(法新社巴黎 4日電) 1項調查今天指出,30%的英國 女性為了擁有理想體重,願意折壽1年、甚至更多年作為交換條件。調查對象是英國20所大學女性。

調查發現,有10%的女性表示,願意用2-5年的壽命交換1副纖細有曲線美的身材,代價並不算太高;甚至還有3%的女性願意用10年或更久的壽命作為代償。

西英格蘭 大學(University of the West ofEngland)教授迪德瑞克(Philippa Diedrichs)表示:「調查結果所突顯的是,對所有年齡層的女性來說,身材好壞都是重要議題,並非僅有青少女。」

調查對象包含320位年齡層18到65歲的女性,平均值低於25歲。

迪德瑞克表示,另一方面調查結果指出,女性的自我評估在現實與形象間,有令人感到挫折的鴻溝。

調查中有4/5女性表示有意減重,但其實這些人當中有78%的體重正常、甚至低於正常健康體重值。

另外,10位女性中,超過9位在過去1週對自己外表有「負面想法」;其中有1/3表示,這類負面想法1天會出現好幾次。(譯者:中央社陳怡君)1

2011年4月3日星期日

Scientists Warn: Food Colors Damage Kids

Scientists Warn: Food Colors Damage Kids

posted by Michelle Schoffro Cook Mar 31, 2011 4:11 pm

A recent study reported in the journal Prescrire International found that artificial food dyes are linked to an increased incidence of hyperactivity in children. Scientists studied 297 children who were representative of the general population to conclude that food colors increase hyperactivity in children, not just children who are sensitive to them.

The scientists also found that children who suffered from hyperactivity saw a worsening of their hyperactivity symptoms when they ingested food colors. In addition to their placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover study, they also conducted an analysis of other existing research prior to concluding “it is best to avoid exposing children to artificial food coloring.”

In another study published in the Journal of Pediatrics, the dye tartrazine was linked to behavioural disturbances in normal children. Still more research from doctors at the University of Southampton in the United Kingdom found that food dyes have a significant impact on the behaviour of normal children and boost the levels of hyperactivity. These doctors also recommended that these additives be removed from children’s diets.

FDA Stalling Tactics
While numerous independent studies link artificial food colors to hyperactivity in normal, non-sensitive, children, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) continues to claim that there is no proven relationship between food dyes and hyperactivity in children. Beginning yesterday (Wednesday), an FDA advisory committee will attempt to determine whether available research links the dyes and the disorder. Somehow the experts have known this information for years yet the FDA doesn’t have a clue.

Read on to learn how dyes cross the blood-brain barrier…

The FDA meeting is in response to a 2008 petition from the Center for Science in the Public Interest, requesting that yellow 5, red 40, and six other dyes be banned. It is bad enough that the FDA took three years just to initiate a response, but no one knows what the response will be. It is likely that the FDA will continue to allow these harmful substances to be used in food. After all, they’ve allowed them for three decades. Don’t our children deserve better than this?

More Harmful Health Effects Linked to Food Colors
And, what about the many other symptoms linked to food colors? Doesn’t the FDA think they warrant consideration? In numerous studies, one particular dye–the yellow color, annatto, has been linked to skin rashes, huge blood-sugar rises and damage to the energy-production sites in the liver and pancreas. In a case study in the journal Annals of Allergy, severe low blood pressure was linked to a cereal containing this ingredient.

Food Dyes Cross the Blood-Brain Barrier
Further research cited by Jacqueline Krohn, MD, in her book Natural Detoxification, showed that artificial food colors cross the blood-brain barrier. The blood-brain barrier is a bit of a misnomer because it works more on a lock-and-key-type of mechanism, allowing some substances access to the brain while preventing others access. However, many harmful chemicals, food colors included, cross this delicate mechanism, where they can cause damage to the brain. This is of particular concern for children whose brains are in the developmental stage and at a higher risk of damage from toxic substances.

Keep reading to discover how many pounds of food additives the average person eats…You’ll be shocked!

The Food Additives Pile Up
Currently, the average person eats over 124 pounds of food additives, including artificial colors, EVERY YEAR! There is no testing on the cumulative effects of combining food colors with all these chemicals, not to mention the myriad other chemicals to which we are exposed in our air and water, like pesticides, for example.

Additionally, many toxic substances in our food supply show delayed responses. In other words, you might eat food additives in your diet today but you may experience the effects years from now. So, these responses are also possible from food dyes.

There is substantial evidence to ban food colors, particularly from the diets of children. It’s time the FDA stepped up its efforts to ensure that we, and our children, are not unknowingly harmed by toxic ingredients that should never have been added to food in the first place.

Adapted from Total Body Detox: The Safe, Easy, and Natural Way to Detoxify Your Body, Balance Your Weight, and Feel Great by Michelle Schoffro Cook, MSc, PhD, RNCP, ROHP.



Read more: http://www.care2.com/greenliving/scientists-warn-food-colors-damage-kids.html#ixzz1ISWU6SP7